Pérdida Auditiva

Allantoin is identified in peer-reviewed dermatology literature as one of the most effective OTC ingredients for rosacea redness reduction, often combined with bisabolol. A 2025 RCT (PMID 40177799, n=82) evaluated topical heparin sodium allantoin gel with quercetin in papulopustular rosacea, showing improvements in erythema scores and skin barrier function over 12 weeks.

A 2008 clinical study found that a cream containing 0.5% aloe vera extract was more effective than placebo in reducing rosacea-related redness and inflammation. Karger's 2026 rosacea plant extract narrative review classifies Aloe vera as having clinical evidence in related dermatological conditions. Dermatologists recommend it as a calming moisturizer ingredient for rosacea skin.

Asiaticoside, the principal triterpene glycoside of Centella asiatica, was evaluated in a vehicle-controlled half-side RCT (n=27) at 0.1%: significant reduction in inflammatory skin changes was observed. Centella asiatica (its source) is classified in Karger's 2026 rosacea review as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related conditions. It strengthens capillary walls and inhibits NF-κB.

FDA-approved at 15% prescription strength for inflammatory rosacea papules and pustules. Multiple clinical studies and a review of 20 trials confirm it reduces redness, bumps, and skin clarity better than vehicle. Works by directly inhibiting kallikrein-5 and cathelicidin (LL-37) inflammatory pathways central to rosacea pathogenesis.

Bisabolol, a chamomile-derived sesquiterpene alcohol, is identified in peer-reviewed dermatology literature as one of the most effective OTC ingredients for rosacea redness reduction. It inhibits COX and LOX inflammatory enzymes and stabilizes mast cells. Frequently included in rosacea skincare formulations and listed in rosacea product databases.

Butcher's Broom (Ruscus aculeatus) is classified in Karger's 2026 peer-reviewed rosacea plant extract narrative review as a botanical with clinical evidence in rosacea-related dermatological conditions. Its steroidal saponins (ruscogenins) reduce capillary permeability and venous tone, addressing vascular components central to rosacea.

Centella asiatica (gotu kola) contains pentacyclic triterpenoids (asiaticoside, madecassoside) with anti-inflammatory and vascular-strengthening effects. Karger's 2026 rosacea plant extract review classifies it as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related conditions. It appears in an RCT polyherbal formula that reduced facial redness by 40% in rosacea patients.

Centella triterpenes (asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid) are the primary bioactives of Centella asiatica, classified in Karger's 2026 rosacea review as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related conditions. They inhibit NF-κB, reduce inflammatory cytokines, and strengthen vascular connective tissue relevant to rosacea erythema and telangiectasia.

Rosacea is characterized by impaired skin barrier function with reduced ceramide levels in affected facial skin, contributing to symptoms such as stinging, burning, and erythema. A dermatologist panel consensus review and an evidence-based clinical algorithm both identify ceramide-containing moisturizers as beneficial adjuncts for rosacea management, recommended before, during, and after prescription therapy. The evidence base is primarily expert consensus and observational, with limited RCT data specifically isolating ceramide's contribution.

Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) contains bisabolol, chamazulene, and apigenin, which inhibit COX and LOX pathways. Clinical studies show anti-inflammatory effects comparable to hydrocortisone 0.25% for eczematous skin symptoms shared with rosacea. Karger's 2026 rosacea review classifies chamomile as having preclinical and clinical data (golden chamomile) or clinical data in related conditions (German chamomile).

A PMC-indexed cell biology study demonstrated that Coptis chinensis extract directly inhibited kallikrein 5 (KLK5) and cathelicidin activation in human keratinocytes—key drivers of rosacea pathophysiology—and inhibited LL-37-induced endothelial proliferation associated with erythematous rosacea.

Curcumin, the primary polyphenol of turmeric, inhibits NF-κB, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) implicated in rosacea. Reviewed in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 (PMID 29879248) as a biologically-based rosacea therapy. Active compound in the polyherbal RCT that reduced rosacea facial redness by 40%.

DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid reviewed alongside EPA in the Archives of Dermatological Research 2024 systematic analysis (PMC11065919) of rosacea vitamins and nutrients. Combined EPA+DHA significantly improved ocular rosacea (xerophthalmia) in a clinical study (64% of patients). DHA reduces systemic inflammation via D-series resolvins and supports meibomian gland lipid quality.

EGCG, the primary bioactive catechin of green tea, has been shown to reduce papulopustular rosacea lesion count. Topical green tea polyphenols (predominately EGCG) produced ~25% reduction in rosacea symptoms (PMID 23346663). Reviewed as an evidence-based complementary rosacea therapy in J Drugs Dermatol 2018.

EPA is an omega-3 fatty acid reviewed in the Archives of Dermatological Research 2024 systematic analysis (PMC11065919) of vitamins and nutrients in rosacea. Combined EPA+DHA supplementation significantly improved xerophthalmia in 64–65% of ocular rosacea patients. EPA reduces inflammatory cytokines and supports meibomian gland function critical for ocular rosacea.

Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) parthenolide-depleted (PD-Feverfew) topical extract showed 60% reduction in UV-induced IL-1α release in a preclinical model. It inhibits COX, LOX, and serotonin pathways relevant to rosacea inflammation and flushing. Reviewed as a biologically-based rosacea therapy in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 (PMID 29879248).

Glabridin, a principal isoflavane of licorice root, inhibits cyclooxygenase and NF-κB-driven inflammation and reduces skin redness. It is cited in peer-reviewed dermatology literature as a key licorice compound that calms skin and reduces rosacea-related redness, alongside glycyrrhizin. Present in clinically studied licorice-based rosacea formulations.

Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) is classified in Karger's 2026 peer-reviewed rosacea narrative review as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related dermatological conditions. Its triterpenoids reduce inflammation and strengthen capillary walls. It was included in an RCT polyherbal formula that produced 40% reduction of facial redness in rosacea patients.

Topical green tea polyphenols showed a ~25% reduction in rosacea symptoms in a published clinical study (Skinmed 2012, PMID 23346663). A topical combination of green tea polyphenols, resveratrol, and caffeine improved facial redness in 16 rosacea patients over 6 weeks. Karger's 2026 rosacea plant extract review classifies green tea leaf as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related conditions.

Licochalcone A from licorice root significantly reduced facial erythema in an open-label study of 62 rosacea patients over 8 weeks. Combined with metronidazole, it was well-tolerated in 25 patients. Karger's 2026 rosacea review and a ResearchGate systematic review both identify licorice among botanicals with preclinical and clinical data in rosacea.

Silymarin from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) reduced facial redness in 29/32 rosacea participants in an open-label trial with twice-daily topical cream over 12 weeks. Combined with MSM in a double-blind RCT (n=46), it significantly improved redness, papules, itching, and hydration versus placebo (P<0.001). Karger's 2026 rosacea review lists milk thistle with both preclinical and clinical data.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (Berardesca et al. 2008, PMID 18254805, n=46), topical MSM combined with silymarin significantly reduced rosacea erythema, papules, itching, and improved skin hydration (P<0.001). MSM provides bioavailable sulfur for collagen support and exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) is classified by Karger's 2026 peer-reviewed rosacea plant extract narrative review as a first-tier botanical with both preclinical and clinical data in rosacea. It improves skin barrier function through avenanthramide-mediated anti-inflammatory activity, beta-glucan barrier fortification, and saponin gentle cleansing.

Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA+DHA) significantly improved xerophthalmia (dry eye) in 64–65% of patients with ocular rosacea in a clinical study. A diet high in omega-3s reduced erythema and inflammation in rosacea-like murine models. Reviewed in Archives of Dermatological Research systematic analysis of vitamins and nutrients in rosacea (2024, PMC11065919).

Panthenol (provitamin B5) is specifically named by dermatologists in peer-reviewed rosacea literature (PMC10892689) as a recommended ingredient in calming moisturizers for rosacea-affected skin. It supports epidermal barrier repair, reduces TEWL, and attenuates inflammatory cytokine release in sensitized skin.

A 2025 PubMed-indexed RCT (PMID 40177799, n=82) evaluated topical compound heparin sodium allantoin gel containing quercetin (as the primary active from onion extract) in papulopustular rosacea, showing improvements in erythema scores and skin barrier function (TEWL, hydration) at 12 weeks. Quercetin also inhibits mast cell degranulation and NF-κB relevant to rosacea flushing.

A clinical study (Ferzli et al., J Drugs Dermatol 2013) combining topical resveratrol, green tea polyphenols, and caffeine found meaningful improvement in facial redness in 16 rosacea patients over 6 weeks. Resveratrol is reviewed as a biologically-based rosacea therapy in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 (PMID 29879248) alongside niacinamide, green tea, and zinc.

Silymarin (from milk thistle) is the active polyphenolic mixture in the pivotal rosacea RCT (Berardesca et al. 2008, n=46, PMID 18254805): topical silymarin plus MSM significantly improved rosacea redness, papules, itching, and hydration (P<0.001) versus placebo. Mechanistically it inhibits NF-κB and reactive oxygen species relevant to rosacea.

Tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) is particularly effective for rosacea with Demodex mite involvement. Reviewed in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 (PMID 29879248) as a biologically-based rosacea therapy. Its terpinen-4-ol exerts direct ovicidal and acaricidal effects on Demodex folliculorum, whose density correlates with rosacea severity (PubMed 28711190).

A 30-patient RCT using an Ayurvedic polyherbal oral formula containing turmeric (and licorice, gotu kola, and other herbs) produced a 40% reduction in facial redness in rosacea patients over 4 weeks versus placebo. Turmeric alone showed no significant effect, suggesting synergy. Reviewed in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 as a rosacea biologically-based therapy.

Topical niacinamide has been evaluated for rosacea in clinical studies, with evidence for anti-inflammatory activity and reduction of skin redness and blotchiness. A 2004 PubMed review confirmed demonstrable anti-inflammatory effects in rosacea. Multiple dermatology references including DermNet NZ and peer-reviewed reviews list rosacea as a studied indication for topical nicotinamide.

Topical niacinamide (vitamin B3) has demonstrated efficacy in rosacea in multiple clinical studies. In one study of 50 patients, twice-daily application reduced redness, dryness, and irritation within 4 weeks. Topical 1-methylnicotinamide 0.25% improved symptoms in 76.4% of rosacea patients in a published study.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is reviewed as a biologically-based rosacea therapy in J Drugs Dermatol 2018 (PMID 29879248) and included in the Archives of Dermatological Research systematic review of vitamins and nutrients in rosacea (2024). It functions as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent with collagen-stabilizing properties relevant to rosacea.

Vitamin D status is altered in rosacea patients, with deficiency linked to severity. Multiple studies examined vitamin D and cathelicidin in rosacea (Park et al. Ann Dermatol 2018; Ekiz et al. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2014). The Archives of Dermatological Research 2024 systematic review assessed vitamin D in rosacea, though outcomes varied across studies.

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is classified in Karger's 2026 rosacea plant extract review as having clinical evidence in rosacea-related dermatological conditions. Its polysaccharide fraction (Am-25-d) reduces nuclear NF-κB concentration—a key early-stage rosacea inflammatory driver—in preclinical models. It contains anti-inflammatory flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Sharquie et al., Int J Dermatol 2006) showed oral zinc sulfate significantly improved rosacea severity scores after 3 months. Topical 5% zinc sulfate reduced acne rosacea severity with 40% moderate and 60% good responses. Zinc exerts anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects relevant to Demodex-associated rosacea.

Rosacea is a traditional Moroccan indication for topical argan oil. Anti-inflammatory, barrier-supportive, and antioxidant properties are mechanistically relevant to rosacea's pathophysiology. No human clinical trials in rosacea patients exist.

Boswellia (Indian frankincense) is cited in rosacea naturopathic literature as a potent anti-inflammatory for skin inflammation, with boswellic acids specifically inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase (leukotriene B4 synthesis). Used traditionally in Ayurvedic medicine for inflammatory skin conditions. Clinical evidence specific to rosacea is lacking; primary support is traditional use and mechanistic rationale.

The 2021 laboratory study of calendula's anti-inflammatory action explicitly identifies rosacea as a condition where iNOS-mediated inflammation makes calendula applicable. Its soothing, anti-inflammatory properties are used in cosmetic formulations for sensitive and rosacea-prone skin. Clinical trial evidence is absent.

H. italicum EO is traditionally used in aromatherapy for rosacea, broken capillaries, and facial redness, attributed to its anti-inflammatory, 'anticoagulant', and vascular-toning properties. No clinical trials specifically on rosacea patients exist; evidence is based on traditional practice and general anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Sophora root (Ku Shen) is cited in TCM references for rosacea due to damp heat, with rutin's capillary-stabilizing properties mechanistically relevant to this condition. Vascular fragility and inflammation reduction by rutin may alleviate rosacea symptoms. Evidence remains traditional and mechanistic rather than from clinical trials.