Ginseng, particularly Panax ginseng, has been traditionally used in East Asian medicine as a general tonic to improve vitality, including physical performance. In modern research, ginseng is frequently studied for its potential to enhance exercise capacity, reduce fatigue, and improve recovery. Some clinical trials suggest that ginseng supplementation may modestly improve aerobic capacity, reduce perceived exertion, and enhance antioxidant status in physically active individuals. For example, a few randomized controlled trials have reported small but statistically significant improvements in VO2 max and exercise endurance when subjects consumed ginseng extract over several weeks. Additionally, ginsenosides—the active compounds in ginseng—have demonstrated anti-fatigue and anti-inflammatory effects in animal models and in vitro studies, which could theoretically support exercise performance and recovery.

However, the overall quality and consistency of the evidence remain limited. Many studies have small sample sizes, short durations, or methodological weaknesses, and results are often inconsistent. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while there is some scientific basis for ginseng’s effects on exercise performance, the benefits are likely modest and not reliably replicated across all populations. Therefore, while there is scientific interest and some supportive data, ginseng cannot be considered a robust, evidence-based ergogenic aid, and further well-designed clinical trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness for exercise enhancement.