Evidence supporting the use of: Echinacea purpurea
For the health condition: Colds (prevention)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Echinacea purpurea has been used traditionally by Native American populations for a variety of ailments, including respiratory infections. In modern times, it is commonly marketed as an herbal remedy to prevent or reduce the duration and severity of the common cold. Scientific evaluation of echinacea for cold prevention has produced mixed results. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have been conducted. A 2014 Cochrane review concluded that while echinacea products might have a small beneficial effect in preventing colds, the evidence is inconsistent and not robust. Some individual studies suggest a modest reduction in the risk of developing a cold or in the duration of cold symptoms when echinacea is taken at the onset of illness, but others show no significant effect compared to placebo.

The variability in study outcomes may be due to differences in echinacea species, preparation methods, dosages, and study populations. Most studies focus on Echinacea purpurea preparations, but not all specify the plant part or extract standardization. Overall, while there is scientific interest and some evidence supporting echinacea’s role in cold prevention, the effect appears to be modest at best, and not all clinical guidelines recommend its use. Reported side effects are generally mild, such as gastrointestinal upset or allergic reactions. Therefore, echinacea’s use for cold prevention is supported by scientific but weak evidence.

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Other ingredients used for Colds (prevention)

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