Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B12
For the health condition: Mental Illness

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) has a scientifically validated role in supporting mental health, particularly in relation to mood disorders and cognitive function. B12 is essential for normal neurological function and the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which influence mood. Deficiency in B12 can lead to neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression, irritability, memory impairment, and even psychosis. Numerous observational studies have found an association between low B12 levels and an increased risk of depression and cognitive decline, especially in older adults. Additionally, some randomized controlled trials suggest B12 supplementation may improve depressive symptoms in individuals with pre-existing deficiencies or in combination with other B vitamins (such as folate).

However, while the link between B12 deficiency and mental illness is clear, evidence supporting the benefit of B12 supplementation for mental illness in people with normal B12 levels is limited. Most guidelines recommend testing and correcting B12 deficiency in patients presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms, but do not support routine supplementation for mental health in the absence of deficiency. In summary, B12 is scientifically validated for treating mental illness related to deficiency, but not as a standalone treatment for psychiatric disorders in the general population.

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