Evidence supporting the use of: Folate
For the body system: Male Reproductive System

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Folate (vitamin B9) has scientific evidence supporting its role in male reproductive health, though the strength of evidence is moderate. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation—processes vital for spermatogenesis. Multiple observational studies have found associations between higher folate intake or blood levels and improved sperm count, motility, and decreased DNA fragmentation in sperm. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have also shown that folic acid supplementation, alone or in combination with zinc, can improve certain sperm parameters in subfertile men. However, results across studies remain somewhat inconsistent, and not all trials report significant benefits.

Mechanistically, folate deficiency in men has been linked to increased homocysteine levels, which may negatively affect sperm quality and function. Animal studies further support the importance of folate in testicular function and fertility. Major health organizations and reproductive medicine societies recognize folate as an important nutrient for men attempting conception, but it is not universally recommended as a stand-alone intervention for male infertility due to variability in clinical outcomes. In summary, while there is a scientific basis for using folate to support the male reproductive system, especially concerning sperm health, more large-scale, high-quality trials are needed to clarify its efficacy and optimal usage.

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