Evidence supporting the use of: Fish oil
For the health condition: Macular Degeneration

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Fish oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids (primarily EPA and DHA), has been investigated for its potential role in supporting eye health and possibly reducing the risk or progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The rationale for its use stems from epidemiological studies that observed lower rates of AMD in populations with higher intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3s are thought to exert anti-inflammatory effects, support retinal cell structure, and promote healthy blood vessels in the eye.

However, large randomized controlled trials, such as the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), have not shown a significant benefit of fish oil supplementation in preventing progression to advanced AMD when added to a high-dose antioxidant and zinc formula. While observational data suggested a possible protective effect, interventional studies have generally failed to demonstrate a meaningful impact of fish oil supplements specifically on macular degeneration outcomes.

Therefore, while there is a scientific rationale and some observational support for the use of fish oil in AMD, the overall clinical evidence from robust trials is weak. Fish oil is sometimes recommended for general eye health, but its specific benefit in AMD prevention or treatment is not well substantiated. The evidence is best rated as low to moderate (2/5), with use justified more by plausibility and observational findings than by strong clinical trial results.

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