Evidence supporting the use of: Glycyrrhizic acid
For the health condition: Herpes

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Glycyrrhizic acid, a major active component of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has been investigated for its antiviral properties, including activity against herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2). Laboratory studies (in vitro) have demonstrated that glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the replication of HSV by interfering with viral gene expression and possibly by disrupting the viral envelope. Several studies have reported that glycyrrhizic acid and its derivatives reduce the cytopathic effect of HSV in cell cultures and can decrease viral titers. Animal models have also shown some reduction in disease severity with glycyrrhizic acid administration.

However, robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking. There are no large, high-quality randomized controlled trials evaluating glycyrrhizic acid for the treatment or prevention of herpes outbreaks in humans. Most of the supporting evidence comes from in vitro or animal studies, with only a few small pilot studies or anecdotal reports in humans. While the mechanism of action is plausible and laboratory data are promising, the evidence is not strong enough to recommend glycyrrhizic acid as a primary or adjunctive therapy for herpes in clinical settings at this time. Safety concerns, particularly with long-term or high-dose use (such as hypokalemia and hypertension), also limit its application. Thus, while glycyrrhizic acid has a scientific basis for antiviral activity, the clinical evidence for its use in herpes is limited.

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