Aerva lanata, commonly known as "Mountain Knotgrass," has a longstanding role in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and Siddha. In these traditions, it is often used for a variety of conditions, including those involving the lymphatic system, such as swollen lymph glands. The plant is believed to have anti-inflammatory and detoxifying properties, which are thought to help reduce swelling and promote the drainage of lymph. Historical texts and ethnobotanical surveys frequently mention its use for "glandular swellings" or "swollen glands," although they often do not specify the exact nature of the glands involved.

Scientifically, there is limited direct evidence to support the use of Aerva lanata specifically for swollen lymph glands. Some in vitro and animal studies indicate that the plant has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, which could theoretically contribute to reducing lymph node inflammation. However, there are no clinical trials or robust scientific studies directly linking Aerva lanata to the treatment of swollen lymph glands in humans. Therefore, its use for this purpose is primarily justified by traditional practices rather than modern scientific validation.