Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Eugenol is a naturally occurring compound primarily found in clove oil and has been widely used in dentistry. Its use for gingivitis is supported by both traditional practices and scientific investigation, though the level of evidence is moderate rather than robust. Eugenol possesses well-documented anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, which are relevant to the pathogenesis of gingivitis—a condition characterized by inflammation and microbial activity at the gum line.

Several in vitro studies have shown that eugenol can inhibit the growth of oral pathogens commonly associated with gingivitis, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. Its anti-inflammatory effects have also been demonstrated in cellular and animal models, where eugenol reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In clinical practice, eugenol is an active component in some dental materials, including periodontal dressings, and has been used to soothe inflamed tissues following dental procedures.

However, high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically evaluating eugenol's efficacy in treating or preventing gingivitis in humans are limited. Most clinical applications rely on its general properties rather than direct evidence for gingivitis. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale for eugenol’s use in this context, further clinical studies are needed to establish its efficacy and safety for gingivitis treatment.

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