Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Coating agents, such as barrier-forming gels, mouthwashes, or varnishes, are used adjunctively in the treatment of gingivitis to protect the gingival surface, reduce biofilm formation, and enhance the delivery or retention of active therapeutic ingredients (such as chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, or herbal extracts). The rationale for their use is rooted in scientific evidence—especially for substances that can physically protect inflamed tissues or sustain local concentrations of antimicrobials. Several clinical trials and systematic reviews support the efficacy of coating agents when used alongside standard mechanical plaque control. For example, chlorhexidine varnishes and gels have been shown to significantly reduce gingival inflammation and bleeding in both short- and medium-term studies, mainly due to their substantivity (ability to adhere to oral surfaces and release active agents over time). Additionally, some bioadhesive gels and mucoadhesive patches can provide a protective film, limiting irritation from mechanical forces and food, thus supporting healing. However, the strength of evidence varies depending on the specific product and active ingredient, and most authorities emphasize that coatings serve as adjuncts, not substitutes, for brushing and flossing. Potential adverse effects (such as staining with chlorhexidine) and limited long-term data also temper recommendations. Overall, while not universally standard, the use of coating agents for gingivitis is supported by moderate-quality scientific evidence, particularly in patients who have difficulty with mechanical plaque control or require enhanced local therapy.

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