Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bifidobacterium (mixed) is supported by some scientific evidence for use in gingivitis, but the evidence base is still limited and of moderate quality. Bifidobacteria are probiotics that are believed to help restore the oral microbiome balance, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and reduce inflammation. Several small randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and pilot studies have evaluated the effects of probiotic lozenges or tablets containing Bifidobacterium strains on gingival health. Some of these studies have demonstrated statistically significant reductions in gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, and plaque scores compared to placebo. Mechanistically, Bifidobacterium species may modulate immune responses, decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines, and compete with periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, much of the research combines Bifidobacterium with other probiotic strains (e.g., Lactobacillus), making it difficult to isolate the effects of Bifidobacterium alone. Sample sizes are generally small, and studies are often short-term. Reviews and meta-analyses have concluded that while probiotics—including Bifidobacterium—show promise as adjuncts to standard gingivitis treatment, more rigorous, large-scale, and strain-specific clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and determine optimal administration. In summary, there is emerging scientific support for Bifidobacterium (mixed) in the management of gingivitis, but current evidence is limited and does not yet justify routine use without further validation.

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