Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Bile salts are used with scientific justification in individuals with gallbladder dysfunction (e.g., after cholecystectomy or in cases of biliary insufficiency or sluggish gallbladder function). The gallbladder normally stores and concentrates bile, releasing it in response to fatty meals to aid in digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins. When the gallbladder is removed or not functioning properly, bile enters the intestine in a less regulated, more dilute fashion, which can impair fat digestion and absorption. Supplemental bile salts (often in the form of ox bile or purified bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid or chenodeoxycholic acid) can help compensate for this deficiency.

Clinical studies and medical guidelines support the use of bile acid therapy in certain conditions. For example, ursodeoxycholic acid is used to treat certain cholestatic liver diseases and to dissolve specific types of gallstones. In the context of gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy), small clinical trials and case reports suggest that bile salt supplementation may improve symptoms of fat malabsorption such as steatorrhea, bloating, and diarrhea. However, robust large-scale randomized trials are limited, especially for general digestive support post-cholecystectomy. Nevertheless, the physiological rationale is strong and there is moderate clinical evidence for efficacy, particularly in cases where fat malabsorption is documented.

In summary, bile salt supplementation for gallbladder dysfunction or absence is supported by established physiological principles and a moderate amount of clinical evidence, especially for managing fat digestion issues.

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