Indian Nightshade (Solanum indicum), known in traditional Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine as "Kantakari," has been used for centuries in India as a remedy for fever. Historical texts such as the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita mention its use for treating "jwara" (fever), often as part of polyherbal formulations. The plant is believed to have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties according to traditional practice, and is commonly included in classical preparations like Dasamoolarishtam, which is used for fevers and respiratory ailments. The roots and fruits are typically used in decoctions or powders.

Scientific evidence for the antipyretic effects of Indian Nightshade is limited. A small number of preclinical studies (primarily in rodents) have suggested that extracts of Solanum indicum may lower experimentally-induced fever, probably due to bioactive compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids. However, these studies are preliminary, with limited data on efficacy, safety, or mechanisms in humans. No high-quality clinical trials have been published to confirm its antipyretic activity in people.

In summary, the use of Indian Nightshade for fever is primarily supported by traditional use rather than robust scientific validation. While there are some promising laboratory findings, the clinical evidence base remains weak, and thus its use for fever should be regarded as traditional rather than scientifically established.