Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Gardenia jasminoides (commonly known as gardenia or Cape jasmine) has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a remedy for fever. The dried fruit, known as Zhizi in TCM, is classified as a "heat-clearing" and "detoxifying" herb. It is often prescribed to reduce fever, alleviate irritability, and resolve restlessness associated with febrile diseases. The use is documented in classical TCM texts such as the Shennong Bencao Jing and remains common in both traditional and integrated medicinal practices in East Asia.

However, scientific validation of this use is limited. Some pharmacological studies on animal models suggest that extracts of Gardenia jasminoides fruit and its main constituents (such as geniposide and gardenoside) may have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects, possibly via inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines or modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These studies, however, are preliminary and largely preclinical, with few well-designed human trials available. As such, while the traditional use of Gardenia jasminoides for fever is well established, robust scientific evidence to support its clinical efficacy and safety for this purpose in humans is lacking.

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