Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Rosmarinic acid is a polyphenolic compound found in a variety of culinary and medicinal herbs, most notably rosemary and perilla. Its use in the context of eczema (atopic dermatitis) is primarily supported by preliminary scientific studies rather than traditional use. Several in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that rosmarinic acid possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. For example, research has shown that topical or oral administration of rosmarinic acid in mice can reduce skin inflammation, scratching behavior, and markers of allergic response relevant to eczema. Human data are limited but promising: a small randomized controlled trial using Perilla frutescens extract (high in rosmarinic acid) showed some improvement in clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis compared to placebo. The hypothesized mechanism involves inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-13) and suppression of IgE-mediated allergic responses. However, large-scale, high-quality clinical trials in humans are lacking, and rosmarinic acid is not currently a standard or guideline-recommended therapy for eczema. Therefore, the evidence is rated as low to moderate (2 out of 5), reflecting promising preclinical data and limited clinical evidence.

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