Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds found primarily in brown seaweeds. There is emerging scientific interest in their potential benefits for skin conditions such as eczema (atopic dermatitis), primarily due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties. Preclinical studies, including in vitro and in vivo animal models, have demonstrated that phlorotannins can inhibit inflammatory pathways (such as NF-κB) and reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6, both of which are implicated in eczema pathogenesis. Some studies also indicate that topical application of phlorotannin-rich extracts can improve skin barrier function and reduce dermatitis symptoms in animal models. However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. A small number of preliminary clinical trials and pilot studies have investigated seaweed extracts (containing phlorotannins) in topical formulations for atopic dermatitis, showing some improvement in symptoms such as itching, redness, and skin hydration. Nevertheless, these trials have generally been small, lacked rigorous controls, or used mixed extracts rather than purified phlorotannins. As a result, while the mechanistic rationale and early data are promising, robust clinical validation in well-designed human studies is still lacking. Therefore, the evidence supporting phlorotannins for eczema is currently limited but growing, justifying a moderate rating.

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