Phenolic compounds, a broad category of plant-derived molecules including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins, have been studied for their potential benefits in managing eczema (atopic dermatitis) due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Several in vitro and animal studies suggest that certain phenolics, such as those found in green tea (epigallocatechin gallate), chamomile (apigenin), and oats (avenanthramides), may reduce skin inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are implicated in eczema pathophysiology. Small clinical trials and topical formulations containing phenolic-rich extracts (e.g., colloidal oatmeal) have demonstrated some improvement in symptoms like itching and redness.

However, the overall quality and quantity of clinical evidence is limited. Most studies involve complex plant extracts rather than isolated phenolic compounds, making it difficult to attribute effects specifically to phenolics. Furthermore, large-scale, well-controlled human trials are scarce, and there is variability in product formulations and treatment regimens. As such, while there is scientific rationale and some early clinical evidence supporting the use of phenolic-rich extracts in eczema, the evidence base is not robust. More rigorous studies are needed to clarify efficacy, optimal dosing, specific phenolics responsible, and long-term safety.