Petiveria alliacea, commonly known as "guinea hen weed" or "anamu," has a long history of use in traditional medicine across the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. In folk medicine, the leaves and roots of Petiveria are sometimes applied topically or used in decoctions to address skin conditions, including eczema, rashes, and other inflammatory dermatoses. The rationale for its use is primarily based on anecdotal reports and traditional beliefs in its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

However, scientific studies directly examining the effects of Petiveria on eczema or atopic dermatitis in humans are lacking. Some laboratory research has identified anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity in extracts of Petiveria alliacea, but these studies are limited to in vitro assays or animal models not specific to eczema. There are no published clinical trials or robust pharmacological studies confirming efficacy or safety for topical or systemic use in treating eczema.

In summary, the traditional use of Petiveria for eczema is not supported by substantial scientific validation. Its application remains rooted in cultural practices and historical usage rather than evidence-based medicine.