Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Oligosaccharides, especially prebiotic types such as fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), have been studied for their potential role in supporting the management of eczema (atopic dermatitis), primarily in infants and young children. The rationale is based on their prebiotic effect—oligosaccharides can modulate the gut microbiota, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria (like bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) that are thought to influence immune function and reduce inflammatory responses associated with eczema. Some randomized controlled trials have investigated infant formulas supplemented with prebiotic oligosaccharides for the prevention or management of eczema. For example, a few studies suggest that infants at high risk of atopic diseases who received formula supplemented with specific mixtures of GOS/FOS had a reduced incidence of eczema compared to those receiving standard formula. However, results are mixed, and some studies have not shown significant benefits. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicate that while there may be a modest reduction in eczema risk with prebiotic supplementation in infancy, the evidence quality is low to moderate, with heterogeneity in study design, populations, and intervention types. There is insufficient evidence to recommend oligosaccharides as a treatment for established eczema, especially in older children or adults. Overall, oligosaccharides are not a primary treatment for eczema, but there is some scientific evidence suggesting a potential preventive role, particularly in infancy.

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