Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) is a dietary cannabinoid and a natural sesquiterpene found in various essential oils, such as those from black pepper, cloves, and cannabis. There is emerging scientific evidence to suggest that beta-caryophyllene may have potential utility in supporting the management of eczema (atopic dermatitis), although the overall strength of evidence is still considered preliminary.

Mechanistically, BCP acts as a selective agonist of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). Activation of CB2 receptors is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects without the psychoactive effects associated with CB1 receptor agonists. Several animal studies have demonstrated that topical or systemic administration of BCP can reduce inflammatory responses and improve skin barrier function in models of dermatitis. For example, a 2014 study in European Journal of Pharmacology showed that BCP significantly reduced skin inflammation, erythema, and itching in a mouse model of contact dermatitis. Similarly, BCP has been found to modulate cytokine production and decrease immune cell infiltration in inflamed skin.

While these findings are promising, human clinical trials specifically evaluating BCP for eczema are lacking. Most of the current evidence is preclinical, and further research is required to confirm efficacy and safety in humans. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and early evidence for BCP’s benefit in eczema, the evidence base is not yet robust.