Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is an omega-3 essential fatty acid found in plant sources such as flaxseed, chia seeds, and walnuts. Its use in supporting or treating eczema (atopic dermatitis) is rooted in the understanding that essential fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier function and modulating inflammation. There is a modest body of scientific literature suggesting that omega-3 fatty acids, including ALA, may help reduce inflammation and improve clinical outcomes in inflammatory skin disorders, including eczema.

Some small randomized controlled trials and observational studies have investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on eczema severity. A few studies show that increased intake of ALA or its longer-chain derivatives (EPA and DHA) can modestly improve symptoms such as pruritus, erythema, and skin hydration, likely due to their anti-inflammatory properties and influence on eicosanoid pathways. However, the evidence is inconsistent, and many studies combine ALA with other fatty acids or nutrients, making it difficult to isolate its specific effect. Additionally, not all individuals efficiently convert ALA to the more bioactive EPA and DHA.

Clinical guidelines do not currently recommend ALA supplementation as a first-line therapy for eczema, but it may be considered as an adjunct in some cases. Overall, while there is some scientific rationale and limited clinical evidence supporting the use of ALA for eczema, the strength of this evidence is low, and further high-quality trials are needed.

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