Evidence supporting the use of: Selenium
For the health condition: Dementia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Selenium is a trace mineral that plays a crucial role in antioxidant defense and immune function. Its potential in supporting or treating dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, has been explored due to its antioxidant properties. Scientific studies indicate that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia. Selenium is a component of selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase, which help neutralize reactive oxygen species in the brain and protect neuronal cells from oxidative damage.

Some observational studies have shown that individuals with dementia or cognitive decline often have lower blood selenium levels compared to healthy controls. Limited clinical trials suggest that selenium supplementation might improve certain cognitive parameters, especially when combined with other antioxidants. However, the evidence is inconsistent and often based on small sample sizes or short durations. A few randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate significant cognitive benefits from selenium supplementation alone, and meta-analyses highlight the need for further research.

Currently, there is insufficient high-quality evidence to recommend selenium supplementation as a primary intervention for dementia. Most guidelines do not include selenium as a standard treatment for cognitive decline. In summary, there is a scientific rationale and some preliminary data supporting an association between selenium and cognitive health, but robust clinical validation is lacking. The overall evidence supporting selenium’s use in dementia is weak to moderate.

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