Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Bacteria, specifically in the form of probiotics (live beneficial microorganisms), are increasingly used in the management of constipation in adults. Scientific evidence suggests that certain probiotic strains, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, may help improve bowel movement frequency and stool consistency in individuals with functional constipation. Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have demonstrated that probiotics can modestly increase the number of weekly bowel movements and improve symptoms such as bloating and stool consistency compared to placebo, although results can vary depending on the strains and dosages used.

However, the overall quality of evidence is moderate, with some studies showing significant benefits and others finding limited or no effect. The heterogeneity in trial design, probiotic strains, and outcome measures makes it difficult to provide definitive clinical recommendations. Nonetheless, authoritative bodies such as the American Gastroenterological Association recognize that probiotics may be considered as an adjunct therapy for constipation, particularly when conventional treatments are insufficient or not well-tolerated.

In summary, there is scientific support for the use of certain probiotics to help relieve constipation in adults, but the magnitude of benefit is generally modest, and not all probiotic products are equally effective. Further research is needed to identify the most effective strains and treatment regimens.

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