Evidence supporting the use of: Menthol oil
For the health condition: Congestion

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Menthol oil, primarily derived from peppermint, has a longstanding history of use for respiratory congestion. Scientifically, menthol does not actually decongest the airways, but it provides a subjective sensation of improved airflow. This is due to menthol’s ability to activate cold-sensitive TRPM8 receptors in the nasal mucosa, creating a cooling effect that tricks the brain into perceiving easier breathing. Several clinical studies have demonstrated that while menthol can subjectively relieve the sensation of nasal congestion, objective measurements (such as airflow resistance) do not actually improve. For example, a study published in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacology found that menthol inhalation led to perceived relief without measurable decongestant effects. Despite this, menthol is commonly included in over-the-counter vapor rubs and lozenges for colds and congestion because users report feeling better after use.

Thus, while the direct physiological effect on congestion is limited, scientific evidence supports menthol’s role in producing a sensation of relief, which can be beneficial for comfort during respiratory illnesses. The overall evidence rating is 3 out of 5, reflecting moderate support for its subjective effects, but recognizing its lack of objective decongestant action.

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