Evidence supporting the use of: Fennel
For the health condition: Colic (children)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) has a long tradition of use in various cultures for relieving digestive complaints, including infantile colic. Historically, fennel seed extracts or teas have been administered to infants with colic to help soothe gastrointestinal discomfort and reduce flatulence, based on the herb's reputed carminative and antispasmodic properties.

From a scientific perspective, several clinical studies have explored the efficacy of fennel in treating colic in children. A notable double-blind, randomized controlled trial published in Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine (2003) found that fennel seed oil emulsion significantly reduced colic symptoms compared to placebo, with 65% of treated infants showing complete symptom resolution versus 24% in the placebo group. Additional systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested that fennel-based preparations can decrease the duration and intensity of crying episodes in colicky infants, likely due to fennel's volatile oils (such as anethole), which exhibit smooth muscle relaxant effects on the gastrointestinal tract.

Despite these promising findings, limitations exist, including small sample sizes, potential bias, and a lack of long-term safety data. While fennel is generally considered safe in moderate amounts, concerns remain about its use in infants, particularly regarding dosing and rare allergic reactions. In summary, while traditional use is strong, there is moderate scientific evidence (rating: 3/5) supporting fennel's effectiveness in managing colic, but further rigorous studies are warranted to confirm its safety and efficacy.

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