Evidence supporting the use of: Fennel
For the health condition: Colic (adults)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly in Europe, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, for the management of digestive complaints including colic in adults. Traditional herbalists have valued fennel seeds and their essential oils for their carminative properties, meaning they are believed to help expel gas from the gut and relieve gastrointestinal discomfort. This is thought to reduce the bloating, cramping, and pain associated with colic. Fennel is often prepared as a tea or tincture for this purpose.

While there is a robust tradition supporting fennel’s use for colic, the scientific evidence in adults is limited. Most clinical studies on fennel for colic have focused on infants, with some demonstrating modest benefits in reducing symptoms compared to placebo. Adult data is largely extrapolated from its effects on general dyspepsia and flatulence, where small studies and anecdotal reports suggest some benefit, possibly due to fennel's antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory compounds such as anethole. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials in adults with colic specifically are lacking, and regulatory agencies generally do not officially endorse fennel for this indication.

In summary, fennel’s use for adult colic is primarily supported by tradition, with some suggestive but low-quality scientific evidence. While generally considered safe when used appropriately, individuals should consult healthcare providers before relying on fennel for significant or persistent symptoms.

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