Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Andrographis paniculata has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine, for the treatment of colds and fevers. In recent decades, scientific studies have investigated its efficacy for upper respiratory tract infections, including the common cold. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that standardized extracts of Andrographis paniculata can modestly reduce the severity and duration of cold symptoms, including sore throat, cough, and fever, compared to placebo. Notably, a 2017 Cochrane review concluded that there is low- to moderate-quality evidence supporting the beneficial effect of Andrographis for relieving symptoms of acute respiratory tract infections. The active constituents, primarily andrographolide and related diterpenoids, are thought to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which may account for the observed benefits.

However, the quality of evidence is limited by methodological weaknesses in many studies (e.g., small sample sizes, variable dosing, and extract standardization). Adverse effects in clinical trials are generally mild and infrequent. More high-quality RCTs are needed to establish optimal dosing, safety, and efficacy. Overall, there is scientific evidence supporting the use of Andrographis paniculata for colds with fever, but it is not robust enough to warrant a higher evidence rating.

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