Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Star anise (Illicium verum) has been traditionally used in various cultures, especially in East Asian herbal medicine, to help prevent and treat colds and flu-like illnesses. Its use is rooted in folk remedies where star anise is valued for its warming properties and its purported ability to alleviate symptoms such as cough and congestion. The main active component, shikimic acid, is notable because it is a precursor for the synthesis of oseltamivir (Tamiflu), a pharmaceutical antiviral used to treat influenza. However, while shikimic acid itself is present in star anise, consuming the spice does not equate to taking the antiviral drug, as the transformation process requires complex chemical synthesis not achieved in the body through ingestion.

Currently, there are no high-quality clinical studies directly supporting the effectiveness of star anise in preventing or treating the common cold in humans. Most available evidence is anecdotal or based on traditional use, without rigorous scientific backing. Some in vitro (test tube) studies suggest star anise extracts may have mild antimicrobial or antiviral properties, but these findings have not been translated into proven clinical benefits for cold prevention. Therefore, the use of star anise for colds remains primarily justified by tradition rather than strong scientific evidence.

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