Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Flavonoids, a diverse group of plant compounds found in fruits, vegetables, and certain beverages, have been investigated for their potential role in the prevention of the common cold. Scientific interest in flavonoids is primarily due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have examined the effects of flavonoid supplementation (often as mixtures such as quercetin, catechins, and others) on respiratory tract infections, including the common cold. A 2016 Cochrane review and other meta-analyses concluded that flavonoid supplementation may modestly reduce the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adults. For example, one meta-analysis of 14 studies found that flavonoid supplementation reduced cold incidence by approximately 33% compared to placebo. However, the evidence is limited by the heterogeneity of flavonoid types, doses, and study populations, and most studies did not find significant effects on the duration or severity of cold symptoms once infected. Overall, while there is some scientific evidence supporting the use of flavonoid mixtures for the prevention (but not treatment) of colds, the strength of this evidence is moderate (hence a rating of 3/5), and more high-quality, standardized research is needed. Flavonoids are generally considered safe when consumed as part of a normal diet or in moderate supplemental doses.

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