Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) has been used in traditional medicine systems, such as Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine, for the prevention and treatment of colds. In these traditions, black pepper is believed to have warming properties that help clear mucus, stimulate circulation, and promote sweating, which are thought to aid in warding off or alleviating cold symptoms. It is often used in combination with other herbs and spices—such as ginger and honey—to make soothing teas or home remedies for colds and respiratory discomfort.

From a scientific perspective, black pepper contains the active compound piperine, which has demonstrated some antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in laboratory studies. However, there is currently no robust clinical evidence showing that black pepper, by itself, can prevent or treat the common cold in humans. The evidence for its use is therefore primarily traditional, with only limited support from mechanistic laboratory studies. Most of the perceived benefit is related to its ability to stimulate the senses and possibly promote the clearing of nasal passages when consumed in spicy foods. Overall, while black pepper remains popular in traditional remedies for colds, its efficacy has not been validated by rigorous scientific studies, and the traditional rating of evidence is moderate (2/5).

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