Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Elderberry (typically referring to Sambucus nigra) has a long history of traditional use for treating colds and flu-like illnesses, but in recent years, it has also been the subject of scientific studies investigating its antiviral properties. Several randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials have explored the efficacy of elderberry extracts or syrups in reducing the duration and severity of cold and influenza symptoms. For example, a 2016 meta-analysis in the journal Complementary Therapies in Medicine concluded that elderberry supplementation substantially reduced upper respiratory symptoms compared to placebo. Laboratory studies have shown that elderberry extracts can inhibit replication of several common respiratory viruses, including influenza A and B, by blocking viral entry and modulating immune response.

However, the number of high-quality, large-scale clinical trials remains limited, and most studies involve proprietary extracts rather than whole elderberry. While the evidence is promising and suggests some benefit, especially for mild upper respiratory symptoms and potentially for flu, it is not definitive enough to warrant a higher evidence rating. The use of elderberry for colds is therefore supported by both tradition and emerging scientific evidence, but more rigorous trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and optimal dosing for treating viral respiratory infections.

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Other ingredients used for Colds (antiviral)

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