Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Naphthoquinones, such as lawsone (from henna) and juglone (from black walnut), have been used in traditional medicine for their antimicrobial and wound-healing properties. In the context of canker sores (aphthous ulcers), topical remedies and rinses containing plant extracts rich in naphthoquinones have been utilized in various traditional systems, particularly in folk medicine in the Middle East and South Asia. Historical texts and ethnobotanical surveys mention the application of such extracts to oral lesions for purported anti-inflammatory and healing effects. However, direct scientific validation for the efficacy of naphthoquinones specifically in treating canker sores is limited. Most available evidence comes from in vitro studies demonstrating antimicrobial and antifungal activity, rather than clinical trials on oral ulcer healing. Some small studies and case reports suggest possible benefit, but these are not robustly designed or widely replicated. Thus, while there is a basis in traditional use, and a plausible mechanism due to antimicrobial actions, high-quality clinical evidence supporting naphthoquinones for canker sores is lacking. Most clinical guidelines do not mention them as a standard treatment.

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