Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lysozyme is an enzyme with well-established antibacterial properties, naturally present in human secretions like saliva and tears. Its primary biological function is to hydrolyze the cell walls of certain bacteria, contributing to the innate immune defense of mucosal surfaces. The rationale for using lysozyme in the management of canker sores (aphthous ulcers) stems from its antimicrobial and possible anti-inflammatory effects, which may help reduce secondary bacterial infection and promote healing of oral ulcers.

Several over-the-counter oral preparations, particularly in Japan and parts of Europe, contain lysozyme for adjunctive treatment of canker sores. Some small-scale clinical studies and laboratory data suggest lysozyme can reduce oral microbial load and may modestly accelerate healing or reduce pain in aphthous ulcers. However, the quality of evidence is limited: studies are few, often lack large sample sizes, and may not be double-blinded or placebo-controlled. Major clinical guidelines do not emphasize lysozyme as a first-line treatment for canker sores, rather it is sometimes used as an adjunct to other therapies such as topical corticosteroids or antiseptics.

In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and limited clinical evidence for lysozyme's use in treating canker sores, the overall quality and quantity of evidence is low, and its efficacy appears modest at best. It is not a traditional remedy, but its use is supported to a limited degree by contemporary scientific research.

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