Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Quercetin is a plant flavonoid found in many fruits, vegetables, and grains, and has been investigated for its potential anticancer properties. The scientific interest in quercetin for cancer prevention is based largely on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cell-signaling effects observed in laboratory and animal studies. In vitro (test tube) studies have shown that quercetin can inhibit the growth of various cancer cell lines, induce apoptosis (programmed cell death), and interfere with cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Animal studies also suggest that quercetin may reduce tumor growth in certain models. The mechanisms proposed include modulation of key signaling pathways (such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB), inhibition of angiogenesis, and enhancement of the body's antioxidant defenses. However, the evidence in humans is limited and inconsistent. Epidemiological studies have not conclusively demonstrated that higher dietary intake of quercetin correlates with reduced cancer risk. Clinical trials are sparse, and those that exist are small or preliminary, often examining quercetin as part of a combination therapy or supplement regimen. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and promising preclinical data supporting quercetin’s role in cancer prevention, robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking. Further large-scale, well-designed human studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for cancer prevention.

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