The use of cabbage leaves to relieve breast swelling and tenderness is primarily rooted in tradition, though there is some limited scientific investigation. Historically, women have applied chilled cabbage leaves to the breasts to alleviate discomfort associated with engorgement during breastfeeding or premenstrual symptoms. The rationale is that the coolness and physical properties of the cabbage leaf may provide a soothing effect and possibly reduce swelling by acting as a cold compress.

Scientifically, evidence is modest. A few small studies and clinical observations suggest that cabbage leaf application may help reduce pain and swelling in breastfeeding women experiencing engorgement. For example, some randomized controlled trials (e.g., Roberts et al., 1995; Snowden et al., 2001) found that cabbage leaves were as effective as cold compresses in relieving symptoms, but not significantly better. No bioactive compounds in cabbage have been definitively proven to penetrate the skin and exert specific anti-inflammatory effects in this context.

In summary, while the tradition is strong and many women report subjective benefit, scientific validation is limited and does not greatly exceed the effects of cold therapy alone. Cabbage leaves remain a popular home remedy due to their accessibility, comfort, and cultural acceptance, but evidence for their unique efficacy is weak.