Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bidens pilosa, commonly known as Spanish needle or blackjack, has a long history of use in traditional medicine for treating bites and stings from insects and sometimes snakes. In ethnobotanical surveys, particularly in Africa, Central and South America, and parts of Asia, local healers apply crushed leaves or poultices of Bidens pilosa to the affected area. The rationale often cited involves the plant’s reputed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, which may help soothe pain and reduce swelling or infection at the site of the bite or sting.

From a scientific perspective, Bidens pilosa does contain various bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and polyacetylenes, that have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in animal studies. However, there is a lack of direct clinical evidence or controlled human studies evaluating its efficacy specifically for insect or snake bites and stings. Thus, while the traditional use is well-documented, scientific validation for this specific indication remains limited.

In summary, the use of Bidens pilosa for bites and stings is justified primarily by traditional knowledge and practices. The supporting evidence is mostly anecdotal or based on general pharmacological properties rather than rigorous clinical research.

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