Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Caryophyllene is a bicyclic sesquiterpene found in many essential oils, especially clove oil and cannabis. Its use for backache stems from its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties demonstrated in preclinical studies. Beta-caryophyllene acts as a selective agonist of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor, which is primarily expressed in immune cells and is implicated in the modulation of pain and inflammation. Rodent models have shown that beta-caryophyllene can reduce inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain by influencing these pathways. For example, a 2008 study published in PNAS found that beta-caryophyllene produced significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in mice via CB2 receptor activation.

However, while there is clear preclinical evidence for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory effects, there are few, if any, high-quality clinical trials specifically evaluating caryophyllene’s efficacy for backache in humans. Most available data are from laboratory or animal studies addressing general pain or inflammation, not specifically back pain. Thus, while the scientific rationale exists and preclinical evidence is promising, the direct evidence in humans and for backache specifically is limited, justifying a rating of 2 (weak scientific evidence). Further clinical research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness for this particular indication.

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