Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, particularly in the form of the probiotic strain Saccharomyces boulardii, has been studied as a supportive therapy during or after antibiotic use, primarily to reduce antibiotic-associated diarrhea and to help restore gut microbiota balance. The scientific evidence supporting this use is moderate. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have found that S. boulardii supplementation can reduce the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, including that caused by Clostridioides difficile. The proposed mechanisms include competitive inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, and modulation of immune responses.

However, it is important to note that S. cerevisiae is not an alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections; rather, it is used as an adjunct to minimize side effects of antibiotic therapy. Clinical guidelines in some countries recommend S. boulardii for prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in certain populations. The evidence base is strongest for S. boulardii (a subspecies of S. cerevisiae), and results cannot necessarily be generalized to all strains of S. cerevisiae.

In summary, there is moderate scientific evidence for the use of S. boulardii as a supportive agent during antibiotic therapy, but not as a replacement for antibiotics. Its main benefit is in reducing gastrointestinal side effects rather than treating infections directly.

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