Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactobacillus salivarius is a probiotic bacterium commonly found in the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Its use as an adjunct to or alternative for antibiotics is rooted in emerging scientific evidence, though current support is moderate and not definitive. Probiotics, including L. salivarius, are investigated for their ability to restore healthy microbiota and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria through competitive exclusion, production of antimicrobial substances (such as bacteriocins), and modulation of host immune responses. Several in vitro and animal studies have shown that L. salivarius can inhibit pathogens like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium difficile. Some small clinical trials and case studies suggest that L. salivarius may reduce the incidence of infections or antibiotic-associated diarrhea, particularly when used as a supplement alongside antibiotics to prevent disruption of gut flora. However, evidence that L. salivarius can serve as a true alternative to antibiotics in treating established infections is limited, and most clinical guidelines do not recommend it as a standalone therapy. The majority of research supports its use as an adjunct to antibiotics rather than a replacement. More robust, large-scale clinical trials are needed to firmly establish its efficacy for these purposes. Thus, while the scientific rationale exists, the strength of evidence is modest at present.

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