Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) has a long history of use in traditional medicine, particularly for memory enhancement and mental clarity. In recent years, scientific interest has focused on its potential neuroprotective effects, especially in the context of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The primary compounds thought to contribute to these effects are rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, and essential oils such as 1,8-cineole. Preclinical research (in vitro and animal studies) suggests that rosemary extracts and their active constituents may inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter critical for memory and cognitive function and is deficient in Alzheimer’s Disease. Additionally, rosemary exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may help protect neurons from oxidative stress and inflammation implicated in AD pathology.

However, human clinical evidence is limited and generally of low quality. Some small studies and trials have shown modest cognitive benefits in elderly populations or those with mild cognitive impairment, but robust, large-scale clinical trials in Alzheimer’s patients are lacking. Overall, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence for rosemary’s neuroprotective potential, the current evidence base is insufficient to strongly recommend its use in Alzheimer’s Disease management. Thus, the evidence rating is 2 out of 5, reflecting promising but unproven benefit.

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