Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Trisodium citrate is a sodium salt of citric acid commonly used as a buffering agent and systemic alkalizer. Its application in the management of acid indigestion (also referred to as heartburn or dyspepsia) is supported by its pharmacological action as an alkalizing agent. Trisodium citrate works by neutralizing excess gastric acid in the stomach, thereby helping to relieve symptoms associated with acid indigestion. This mechanism is similar to other antacids, which function by increasing gastric pH and reducing acidity-related discomfort.

Clinical evidence for trisodium citrate’s efficacy in treating acid indigestion is moderate. While citrate salts (including both sodium and potassium citrate) are more frequently discussed in the context of urinary alkalinization and the management of kidney stones, trisodium citrate is included in some over-the-counter antacid and effervescent formulations designed to relieve mild gastric acidity. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recognizes trisodium citrate as generally safe for use as a food additive and in pharmaceutical preparations, including those aimed at neutralizing stomach acid.

There are, however, relatively few randomized controlled trials specifically evaluating trisodium citrate for acid indigestion compared to more common antacids like calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide. Most evidence comes from its inclusion in multi-ingredient antacid preparations and from its well-characterized chemical properties. Overall, the scientific rationale for its use in acid indigestion is established, but direct clinical evidence is limited, justifying a moderate rating.

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