Yellow root (Xanthorhiza)

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Other names for this ingredient

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Synopsis of yellow root

Yellow root is a common name applied to several different plants known for their bright yellow roots and high berberine content, but it most commonly refers to Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal) or Xanthorhiza simplicissima, a smaller shrub native to the southeastern United States. The latter—Xanthorhiza simplicissima—is a lesser-known but distinct species used in traditional Appalachian and Native American herbal medicine. Like goldenseal, yellow root contains the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, which gives the root its vivid yellow hue and contributes to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and astringent effects.

Yellow root is traditionally used to support digestion, liver function, and immune health. It has been applied in the treatment of stomach ulcers, indigestion, sore throat, colds, and skin infections. Its bitter tonic properties stimulate bile production and promote detoxification, making it useful in cases of sluggish digestion and liver congestion. As a strong astringent and antibacterial, yellow root has also been used as a mouthwash or gargle for gingivitis, canker sores, and sore throats.

Though less widely commercialized than goldenseal, Xanthorhiza simplicissima offers similar medicinal benefits at a lower ecological and economic cost, as goldenseal is now considered an at-risk species due to overharvesting.

Historical Use:
Yellow root has deep roots in American folk medicine, particularly in the Appalachian region, where it was a staple remedy among both Native American tribes and early European settlers. The Cherokee and Creek peoples used the plant as a general tonic and digestive aid, applying decoctions of the root for colds, fevers, and internal infections. It was often taken as a bitter tea to “clean the blood,” calm the stomach, or strengthen the body during illness.

Early Appalachian herbalists prized yellow root for its versatility and availability. The bitter-tasting root was considered an all-purpose remedy for infections, sore throats, inflamed gums, and digestive problems. It was also used externally for wounds, boils, and skin eruptions, often made into poultices or washes. Yellow root tea became a traditional household remedy and was commonly prescribed by herbal healers for chronic inflammation and liver-related conditions.

Although goldenseal became more prominent in Western herbal commerce due to its widespread promotion in the late 19th and 20th centuries, Xanthorhiza simplicissima remained a key alternative in regions where it grew abundantly. It was sometimes even sold as "wild goldenseal" in herb markets.

Yellow root is used for these health conditions

Abdominal Pain (Traditional)
Antibiotics (alternatives to) (Traditional)
Arthritis (Traditional)
Backache (Traditional)
Burns and Scalds (Traditional)
Cancer (natural therapy for) (Traditional)
Cancer (prevention) (Traditional)
Cancer Treatment (reducing side effects) (Traditional)
Canker Sores (Traditional)
Congestion (bronchial) (Traditional)
Congestion (lungs) (Traditional)
Cuts (Traditional)
Diabetes (Traditional)
Digestion (poor) (Traditional)
Edema (Traditional)
Fever (Traditional)
Gastritis (Traditional)
Infection (Traditional)
Infection (bacterial) (Traditional)
Infection (viral) (Traditional)
Inflammation (Traditional)
Pain (general remedies for) (Traditional)
Rashes and Hives (Traditional)
Skin (infections) (Traditional)
Sore Throat (Traditional)
Ulcers (Traditional)
Wounds and Sores (Traditional)

yellow root is used to support these body systems

Blood (Traditional)
Digestive System (Traditional)
Gall Bladder (Traditional)
Gastrointestinal Tract (Traditional)
Gums (Traditional)
Liver (Traditional)
Mucus Membranes (Traditional)
Skin (Traditional)
Urinary System (Traditional)