Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine, and is found abundantly in almost every cell of the body. It is especially important in the lungs, where it acts as a key endogenous antioxidant, protecting respiratory tissues from oxidative damage caused by pollutants, cigarette smoke, and inflammatory processes. Scientific studies have shown that glutathione levels are markedly lower in the lung fluid of patients with respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and cystic fibrosis. Several clinical trials and preclinical studies suggest that supplementation with glutathione (either via inhalation or orally, though oral bioavailability is limited) can help restore antioxidant defenses in the lung and reduce markers of oxidative stress.

For example, nebulized (inhaled) glutathione has been studied for its potential to improve lung function and decrease oxidative burden in patients with cystic fibrosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with some studies showing improvement in certain clinical parameters. However, these studies are generally small and sometimes lack rigorous controls. In asthma and COPD, the evidence is less robust, but some research indicates a potential benefit in reducing inflammation and improving symptoms. Despite encouraging findings, more large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are needed to conclusively determine the efficacy of glutathione supplementation for respiratory health. The evidence base is moderate, justifying a rating of 3 out of 5.

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