Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin K
For the body system: Gums

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin K is scientifically recognized for its essential role in blood clotting, but emerging evidence also supports its importance for oral health, particularly gum (periodontal) health. Vitamin K acts as a cofactor for the gamma-carboxylation of certain proteins required for blood coagulation, which is relevant in the maintenance of oral tissues and prevention of excessive bleeding during gum injury or dental procedures. More recently, research has highlighted that vitamin K—especially K2 (menaquinone)—supports bone metabolism and helps regulate calcium deposition, potentially benefiting the structures that support teeth, including the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament.

Some clinical and animal studies suggest that vitamin K deficiency may contribute to increased gum bleeding, delayed wound healing, or even greater risk of periodontal disease due to impaired clotting and insufficient bone regeneration. However, direct intervention studies targeting vitamin K supplementation for gum disease in otherwise healthy adults are limited and often confounded by simultaneous vitamin D or calcium supplementation.

Historically, overt vitamin K deficiency has been associated with oral manifestations such as spontaneous gingival bleeding, especially in populations with poor nutrition or in patients on long-term anticoagulant therapy. While vitamin K is not considered a standalone treatment for periodontal disease, maintaining adequate levels is an established part of supporting overall oral and gum health.

In summary, there is a moderate scientific basis (evidence rating: 3/5) for the role of vitamin K in supporting gum health, particularly through its effects on blood clotting and bone metabolism.

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