Evidence supporting the use of: Fennel
For the body system: Female Reproductive System

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) has a long history of traditional use for supporting the female reproductive system. Historically, it has been used in a variety of cultures to help manage menstrual discomfort, promote lactation, and alleviate menopausal symptoms. Traditional texts and folk medicine often cite fennel seeds as a galactagogue (to increase breast milk production) and as an emmenagogue (to stimulate menstrual flow). The phytochemicals in fennel, particularly phytoestrogens like anethole, are thought to mimic estrogenic activity, which could explain its effects on menstrual and menopausal symptoms.

Although there is some preliminary scientific evidence suggesting fennel may have mild estrogenic effects and can reduce menstrual pain or symptoms of menopause, the body of research is limited and often consists of small studies or animal research. A few clinical trials have reported beneficial effects of fennel extract or oil for dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) and for alleviating postmenopausal symptoms such as hot flashes. However, these studies are generally small, and more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety. Therefore, while fennel’s use for the female reproductive system is well documented in traditional medicine, scientific validation is still emerging.

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