Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Calcium supplementation has some scientific basis for use in the management of dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), though the evidence is limited and not universally accepted. Several studies have suggested that women with dysmenorrhea may have lower serum calcium levels compared to women without this condition. The proposed mechanism is that calcium plays a role in muscle contraction and nerve transmission; deficiency may lead to increased uterine muscle contractility, contributing to pain. A handful of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies have investigated calcium supplementation for dysmenorrhea. Some have reported that calcium supplementation, often at doses of 1000 mg per day, can reduce the severity of menstrual cramps. For example, a 2017 RCT found that calcium supplementation significantly reduced pain intensity in women with primary dysmenorrhea compared to placebo. However, not all studies have found significant benefits, and sample sizes have often been small. Calcium is not widely recognized as a first-line therapy for dysmenorrhea in clinical guidelines, but it is sometimes recommended as an adjunct, especially in populations at risk for calcium deficiency. The overall quality and quantity of evidence are still modest, making calcium a potentially helpful but not definitively proven intervention for menstrual pain relief.

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