Iron supplementation during convalescence is primarily justified by scientific evidence. Convalescence, defined as the recovery period following illness or surgery, is often associated with fatigue, weakness, and impaired physical function. These symptoms can be exacerbated by iron deficiency, which is a common consequence of acute illness, major surgery, chronic disease, or significant blood loss. Scientific studies have demonstrated that iron plays a vital role in hemoglobin synthesis and oxygen transport, both of which are essential for energy production and tissue repair during recovery.

Clinical trials and observational studies have shown that iron supplementation in convalescing patients with documented iron deficiency or anemia can improve hemoglobin levels, enhance physical performance, reduce fatigue, and accelerate recovery. For example, a 2019 randomized controlled trial in post-surgical patients found that intravenous iron administration led to a faster correction of anemia and improved physical rehabilitation outcomes. Professional guidelines, such as those from the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend iron supplementation for patients recovering from conditions associated with blood loss or increased iron requirements.

However, routine iron supplementation is not recommended for all convalescent individuals; it should be targeted to those with laboratory evidence of iron deficiency or anemia. Over-supplementation can have adverse effects. In summary, scientific evidence supports iron use in the context of convalescence when deficiency is present, and its efficacy is well-documented in this scenario.