Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Andrographis paniculata is widely used for the prevention and treatment of colds, and its effects have been evaluated in a number of scientific studies. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have investigated its efficacy, with a particular focus on standardized extracts such as Andrographis extract Kalmcold or Kan Jang. The proposed mechanism of action includes immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, attributed primarily to the diterpene lactone andrographolide.

A 2017 Cochrane review and several meta-analyses concluded that Andrographis, compared to placebo, is associated with improved symptom scores and a reduced risk of developing a cold, especially when started early in the course of illness. Evidence suggests a reduction in the severity and duration of cold symptoms, such as sore throat, cough, and nasal symptoms. Some studies suggest a potential preventive effect, though the majority of research focuses on treatment after symptom onset. Andrographis appears to be generally well tolerated, with mild gastrointestinal complaints as the most commonly reported side effects.

Despite promising results, most studies have methodological limitations such as small sample sizes, short durations, and variable standardization of extracts. Thus, while the scientific evidence is substantial and generally positive—justifying its use for supporting cold prevention—the quality of evidence is moderate and further large, well-designed trials are warranted.

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