Idebenone is a synthetic analog of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone), known for its antioxidant properties. Its use in skincare, particularly for the treatment and prevention of wrinkles, is supported by some scientific studies, albeit limited and mostly industry-sponsored. The primary mechanism by which idebenone is thought to benefit aging skin is through the neutralization of free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress that contributes to skin aging and wrinkle formation.

Clinical studies, such as a 2005 double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, demonstrated that topical idebenone (at concentrations of 0.5% to 1.0%) improved several markers of photodamage, including fine lines and wrinkles, skin roughness, and overall skin quality after 6 weeks of use. Other in vitro and ex vivo studies have shown that idebenone can protect skin cells from UV-induced damage and reduce collagen breakdown.

However, the body of evidence is still relatively small, and many published studies have involved small sample sizes or have been funded by companies with a commercial interest in idebenone-containing products. There is a lack of long-term, independent, large-scale clinical trials. Thus, while idebenone has a plausible scientific rationale and some clinical backing for its use in wrinkle reduction, the overall evidence strength is moderate at best.