Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ornithine ketoglutarate (OKG) has been investigated as a therapeutic agent for conditions involving muscle wasting, such as in elderly patients, malnutrition, trauma, burns, and chronic illnesses. The rationale for its use is based on its metabolic role: OKG is a salt formed from ornithine and alpha-ketoglutarate, both of which are involved in the urea and Krebs cycles, respectively. These components are thought to enhance protein synthesis and reduce protein breakdown by providing key substrates for anabolic processes and by decreasing the effects of catabolic stimuli.

Several clinical studies and meta-analyses (e.g., De Bandt JP, Cynober L, 1998; Garcia-de-Lorenzo et al., 1997; Cynober L, 2004) have shown that OKG supplementation can improve nitrogen balance and reduce muscle protein loss in patients with wasting conditions. Some trials report improvements in wound healing and decreased complications in hospitalized or critically ill patients, although effects on mortality and functional outcomes are less clear. The evidence is more robust in acute settings (such as post-surgery or trauma) than in chronic conditions (such as cancer cachexia), where findings are mixed.

Overall, the use of OKG for treating or supporting muscle wasting is scientifically justified, with a moderate level of evidence (score of 3). While there is biological plausibility and some supportive clinical data, large, well-controlled trials demonstrating clear clinical benefits—especially in chronic disease—are still lacking.

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